Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Robin Hood Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Robin Hood - Case Study Example e the current modus oparendi is not sustainable given that the rich may altogether stop passing through the forest effectively killing their revenue stream. On the face of it, expansion looks like a good plan since it would allow the members to continue pillaging and hunting to sustain themselves with an increased base. However in the end this will likely put them at loggerheads with the community including the poor they are trying to help ergo this plans is simply a time buying ill-advised tactic. On the other hand, imposing a transit tax is a good idea since the rich are going out of their way to travel around the forest at a great cost to reduce the risk of losing their goods to the merry men (Lampel). Therefore, Robin should calculate approximately how much it costs to go round the forest and charge a transit tax of slightly less than that. In addition, he should enforce discipline and civility to ensure that the wealthy traders are not harassed, this way when they realize that going through the forest will be less pricy that circumnavigating it they will be more willing to resume their old route. The band will then have a marginally smaller but constant source of revenue, which is better than the unsustainable take all technique. On the up side of joining the barons in raising the money to free the king is that he would not have to live outside of the laws, in addition the sheriff and cruel king John would be no longer be a concern since the King Richard would dispose of them. In addition, the grateful monarch would likely pardon and perhaps reward the merry men. Nevertheless, there is a downside to this plan, for one, the king would mostly likely not let the men keep collecting taxes in his land and in the long run he may hunt them down and they end up becoming the same outlaws they were to start with. In addition, King John realized what was happening behind his backs, he could take drastic action and give the sheriff more reinforcements to attack the

Monday, October 28, 2019

HUM History and Methods of Science Essay Example for Free

HUM History and Methods of Science Essay Social views and culture denoted scientist, in general, as individuals who exist different from the common society. This idea is mainly because scientists live with a strong conviction to their field and their reasoning is widely based on the empirical side of the environment they lived in. Because of this, scientist’ cultures and lifestyles are significantly affected with their governing philosophies and scientific principles. The aspect of communication is also included in the human cultures and philosophies that are affected by the conviction in the scientific world. In this idea, scientists do tend to communicate with their colleagues in a manner, which is significant based on their scientific principles. There communication is widely empirical in nature that they tend to express themselves and reason out through proving the validity of their statement in an empirical nature. Scientist’s opinions and ideas are always supported with factual and scientific proofs whenever they share it with their colleagues. Through this manner, scientist can and are ready to defend the validity of their statements whenever they communicate with their fellow scientist as they are all governed by their scientific principles and philosophies. Another common trend in the communication aspects of the scientist is that they tend to relate each of their opinions and ideas to other scientific concepts or factual events and phenomenon. This is probably habitual in nature, as their profession requires them to be open-minded and critical in their field. Their communication aspect is often critical and analytic in nature whenever they state something or dispute an idea. Hus, from this concepts and ideas, one can actually see that profession indeed such as the field of science can affect the human culture and personal behavior of an individual as with the case of the society of scientist. In this concept, the behavior of scientist towards their profession becomes habitual in nature thus affecting their innate and personal communication aspect in general.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

America and the Cyberpunk Counterculture Essays -- Cultural Identity Es

History has evolved through a series of counter-cultures, contraries to a community's subjective, shared system of beliefs that provide meaning to objective reality. Timothy Leary has defined the evolution of countercultures that range from the beatniks of the early fifties, the hippies of the sixties and seventies to the present day cyberpunks and new breeds (Vitanza 365). These groups have been met with resistance over the years as a result of their expressive attitudes and tendencies to break the molds of conformity which their culture had previously set. I will focus of the latest stage of evolution, the cyberpunk. The cyberpunk counterculture has encountered mixed reviews over the years. Many people feel as though it is a movement that is made up of no good troublemakers who pose a threat to the computer world. On the contrary, I feel that cyberpunks are taking a lot of heat from a small number of hell raisers who roam the data-highways looking to cause havoc. For th e most part, cyberpunks have contributed to society in beneficial ways. As computer technology is rapidly increasing everyday, the issue is becoming relevant to society as a whole. We are all affected by its presence and therefore should become more aware of what lurks in the cyberworld. In the late twentieth century, two words cybernetics and punk were merged together to form a term that would label the art of combining the science of communication, with an anti-social or rebellious attitude. An ideology was established that included an infatuation with high-tech tools and disdain for conventional usage of them (Elmer-Dewitt 59). Many descriptive phrases have been connected with the cyberpunk culture. An activist in the movement calle... ...is becoming all too familiar with. So let us join in and ride the trails of cyberspace, our new Final Frontier. Works Cited Elmer Dewitt, Philip. "Cyberpunk." Time. 8 Feb. 1993: 58-65. Haussman, Sook Elsie. Cyberpunks: Friend or Foe. 1996. 28 Jan. 1997. gt984a@prism.gatech.edu. Leary, Timothy. "Evolution of Countercultures." CyberReader. Ed. Victor Vitanza. Mass: Allyn & Bacon, 1996. 364. Neil, Easterbrook. "The Arc of Destruction: Reversal and Erasure in Cyberpunk." Science-Fiction-Studies. Nov. 1992:378-394. Pientras, Jamie. "The Brainy Bunch." U.Magazine Fall 1998: 16. 6 Nov.1998 www.umagazine.com. Rayl, A.J.S. "Secrets of a Cuberculture." Omni. Nov. 1992:58-67. Sterling, Bruce. "Cyberpunk in the Nineties." Writings About Cyberpunk. (1995): 6-9. 5 Nov. 1998 http://www.streettech.com/bcp/BCPgraf/Manifestos/CPInThe90's.html.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Disaster Response and Relief

If being provided with a list from the Department of Homeland Securities of potential risk factors I would first look at these key issues and ways that I could improve the city’s chances of survival in a terrorist attack. I would look at the issues that were involved with these issues. My personal choice for order of dealing with the issues would be done so by my deciding which issues were more crucial and which ones needed to be dealt with first.With the list that was provided the order for these issues to be dealt with would take place in a specific order in order to promote the best chances of security and safety for all of the citizens involved. The first thing that would be done is that the airways would be secured and all incoming and outgoing air traffic would be stopped for some time. The next thing to do would be to secure waterways. This would include making sure that there were security efforts involved in protecting the city’s water sources as well.This woul d include the stopping of all water traffic and the security of the different ports and waterways that are surrounding the city. Next transport would be secured and stopped in order to allow for a more smooth evacuation of the city if necessary. This would mean that there need to be an exit strategy plan in the disaster plan that is on location at the town hall and other area disaster planning sites like the American Red Cross. All areas that produced power would be secured by as many forces as could be spared as well as trained disaster volunteers.This would be done so in order to help reduce the chances of harmful chemicals or toxins being released into the air in these areas. All food sources would be secured and there would be limited access to these sources in order to reduce the likelihood of contamination. During the beginning phases of this plan there would be specialists that would be involved in securing the computer systems and making sure that there was no one who was ab le to hack into important information. This would be handled at the same time as some of the other issues just by different specialists.There would be many different agencies that would be contacted. The first agencies to be contacted would be local law enforcement and area military. These would be first initiated in order to work on the security and safety of the city. The next agencies to be contacted would be those that are listed in the disaster plan including the local chapters of the American Red Cross, ESDA, and any other agency that has quick access to high volumes of volunteers. Schools and churches would be looked at as possible places for there to be shelters and food banks would be contacted as part of the process of having food and other goods.Other places that would be contacted are local grocery stores and other discount stores that would have access to high quantity of needed supplies. This would be done in partial efforts on putting limits on what each person could buy or have in order to ensure that supplies lasted for the most people possible. There would be limits placed on needed goods to ensure that all citizens could have some of them. The potential list of areas of vulnerability would need to be dealt with on a level where they were noted in the city’s Emergency Management Plan.Each of these issues would need to be discussed and there would need to be a plan for the emergency situation and how these issues would be dealt with. Whether or not the Incident Command System would need to be changed would depend on what was currently in place and what was needed. Basically if they were capable of addressing and dealing with all of the issues then there would not need to be any changes. However if they were not capable of this then there would need to be changes in order to ensure that they were capable.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Doppler Effect

Doppler effect The Doppler effect, named after Christian Doppler, is the change in frequency and wavelength of a wave as perceived by an observer moving relative to the source of the waves. For waves that propagate in a wave medium, such as sound waves, the velocity of the observer and of the source are relative to the medium in which the waves are transmitted. The total Doppler effect may therefore result from motion of the source, motion of the observer, or motion of the medium. Each of these effects is analysed separately. For waves which do not require a medium, such as light or gravity in special relativity, only the relative difference in velocity between the observer and the source needs to be considered. [pic] [pic] A source of waves moving to the left. The frequency is higher on the left, and lower on the right. | | Doppler first proposed the effect in 1842 in the monograph Uber das farbige Licht der Doppelsterne und einige andere Gestirne des Himmels – Versuch einer das Bradleysche Theorem als integrierenden Teil in sich schliessender allgemeiner Theorie (On the coloured light of the binary refracted stars and other celestial bodies – Attempt of a more general theory including Bradley's theorem as an integral part). [1] The hypothesis was tested for sound waves by the Dutch scientist Christoph Hendrik Diederik Buys Ballot in 1845. He confirmed that the sound's pitch was higher as the sound source approached him, and lower as the sound source receded from him. Hippolyte Fizeau discovered independently the same phenomenon on electromagnetic waves in 1848 (in France, the effect is sometimes called â€Å"effet Doppler-Fizeau†). It is often overlooked that in Doppler's publications (and also Einstein's in his discussion of the Doppler effect) he explicitly acknowledges that his formulae are only approximate since he made several mathematical approximations in his derivation. Doppler's derivation is repeated more or less verbatim in most modern textbooks but often without the warning that the formulas are only valid in some (experimentally often seen) limits. In Britain, John Scott Russell made an experimental study of the Doppler effect. In 1848, Russell reported his study of the Doppler effect. (J. S. Russell, â€Å"On certain effects produced on sound by the rapid motion of the observer†, Brit. Assn. Rep. , vol. 18, p. 37 (1848). An English translation of Doppler's 1842 monograph can be found in the book by Alec Eden, â€Å"The search for Christian Doppler†, Springer-Verlag 1992. In this book, Eden felt doubtful regarding Doppler's conclusions on the colour of double stars, but he was convinced regarding Doppler's conclusions on sound. [pic] [pic] An illustration of the Doppler effect[2]. The relationship between observed frequency f' and emitted frequency f is given by: [pic] where pic]is the velocity of waves in the medium (in air at T degrees Celsius, this is 332(1 + T/273)1/2 m/s) [pic]is the velocity of the source (the object emitting the sound) Because we are using an inertial reference system, the velocity of an object moving towards the observer is considered as negative, so the detected frequency increases (This is because the source's velocity is in the denominator. ) Conversely, detected frequency decreases when the source moves away, and so the source's velocity is added when the motion is away. In the limit where the speed of the wave is much greater than the relative speed of the source and observer (this is often the case with electromagnetic waves, e. g. light), the relationship between observed frequency f? and emitted frequency f is given by: |Change in frequency |Observed frequency | |[pic] |[pic] | where [pic]is the transmitted frequency [pic]is the velocity of the transmitter relative to the receiver in meters per second: positive when moving towards one another, negative when moving away [pic]is the speed of wave (3? 08  m/s for electromagnetic waves travelling in air or a vacuum) [pic]is the wavelength of the transmitted wave subject to change. As mentioned previously, these two equations are only accurate to a first order approximation. However, they work reasonably well in the case considered by Doppler, i. e. when the speed between the source and receiver is slow relative to the speed of the waves involved and the distance between the source and receiver is l arge relative to the wavelength of the waves. If either of these two approximations are violated, the formulae are no longer accurate. Analysis It is important to realize that the frequency of the sounds that the source emits does not actually change. To understand what happens, consider the following analogy. Someone throws one ball every second in a man's direction. Assume that balls travel with constant velocity. If the thrower is stationary, the man will receive one ball every second. However, if the thrower is moving towards the man, he will receive balls more frequently because the balls will be less spaced out. The converse is true if the thrower is moving away from the man. So it is actually the wavelength which is affected; as a consequence, the perceived frequency is also affected. It may also be said that the velocity of the wave remains constant whereas wavelength changes; hence frequency also changes. If the moving source is emitting waves through a medium with an actual frequency f0, then an observer stationary relative to the medium detects waves with a frequency f given by [pic]which can be written as: [pic], here v is the speed of the waves in the medium and vs, r is the speed of the source with respect to the medium (positive if moving away from the observer, negative if moving towards the observer), radial to the observer. With a relatively slow moving source, vs, r is small in comparison to v and the equation approximates to [pic]. A similar analysis for a moving observer and a stationary source yields the observed frequency (the observer's velocity being represented as vo): [p ic], where the same convention applies  : vo is positive if the observer is moving way from the source, and negative if the observer is moving towards the source. These can be generalized into a single equation with both the source and receiver moving. However the limitations mentioned above still apply. When the more complicated exact equation is derived without using any approximations (just assuming that everything: source, receiver, and wave or signal are moving linearly) several interesting and perhaps surprising results are found. For example, as Lord Rayleigh noted in his classic book on sound, by properly moving it is possible to hear a symphony being played backwards. This is the so-called â€Å"time reversal effect† of the Doppler effect. Other interesting cases are that the Doppler effect is time dependent in general (thus we need to know not only the source and receivers' velocities, but also their positions at a given time) and also in some circumstances it is possible to receive two signals or waves from a source (or no signal at all). In addition there are more possibilities than just the receiver approaching the signal and the receiver receding from the signal. All these additional complications are for the classical—i. . , nonrelativistic Doppler effect. However, all these results also hold for the relativistic Doppler effect as well. The first attempt to extend Doppler's analysis to light waves was soon made by Fizeau. In fact, light waves do not require a medium to propagate and the correct understanding of the Doppler effect for light requires the use of the Special Theory of Relativity. See relativistic Doppler effect. Ap plications [pic] [pic] A stationary microphone records moving police sirens at different pitches depending on their relative direction. Everyday The siren on a passing emergency vehicle will start out higher than its stationary pitch, slide down as it passes, and continue lower than its stationary pitch as it recedes from the observer. Astronomer John Dobson explained the effect thus: â€Å"The reason the siren slides is because it doesn't hit you. † In other words, if the siren approached the observer directly, the pitch would remain constant (as vs, r is only the radial component) until the vehicle hit him, and then immediately jump to a new lower pitch. Because the vehicle passes by the observer, the radial velocity does not remain constant, but instead varies as a function of the angle between his line of sight and the siren's velocity: [pic] where vs is the velocity of the object (source of waves) with respect to the medium, and ? is the angle between the object's forward velocity and the line of sight from the object to the observer. Astronomy [pic] [pic] Redshift of spectral lines in the optical spectrum of a supercluster of distant galaxies (right), as compared to that of the Sun (left). The Doppler effect for electromagnetic waves such as light is of great use in astronomy and results in either a so-called redshift or blueshift. It has been used to measure the speed at which stars and galaxies are approaching or receding from us, that is, the radial velocity. This is used to detect if an apparently single star is, in reality, a close binary and even to measure the rotational speed of stars and galaxies. The use of the Doppler effect for light in astronomy depends on our knowledge that the spectra of stars are not continuous. They exhibit absorption lines at well defined frequencies that are correlated with the energies required to excite electrons in various elements from one level to another. The Doppler effect is recognizable in the fact that the absorption lines are not always at the frequencies that are obtained from the spectrum of a stationary light source. Since blue light has a higher frequency than red light, the spectral lines of an approaching astronomical light source exhibit a blueshift and those of a receding astronomical light source exhibit a redshift. Among the nearby stars, the largest radial velocities with respect to the Sun are +308 km/s (BD-15 °4041, also known as LHS 52, 81. 7 light-years away) and -260 km/s (Woolley 9722, also known as Wolf 1106 and LHS 64, 78. 2 light-years away). Positive radial velocity means the star is receding from the Sun, negative that it is approaching. Temperature measurement Another use of the Doppler effect, which is found mostly in astronomy, is the estimation of the temperature of a gas which is emitting a spectral line. Due to the thermal motion of the gas, each emitter can be slightly red or blue shifted, and the net effect is a broadening of the line. This line shape is called a Doppler profile and the width of the line is proportional to the square root of the temperature of the gas, allowing the Doppler-broadened line to be used to measure the temperature of the emitting gas. Radar Main article: Doppler radar The Doppler effect is also used in some forms of radar to measure the velocity of detected objects. A radar beam is fired at a moving target—a car, for example, as radar is often used by police to detect speeding motorists—as it approaches or recedes from the radar source. Each successive wave has to travel further to reach the car, before being reflected and re-detected near the source. As each wave has to move further, the gap between each wave increases, increasing the wavelength. In some situations, the radar beam is fired at the moving car as it approaches, in which case each successive wave travels a lesser distance, decreasing the wavelength. In either situation, calculations from the Doppler effect accurately determine the car's velocity. The proximity fuze which was developed during World War II also relies on Doppler radar. Medical imaging and blood flow measurement An echocardiogram can, within certain limits, produce accurate assessment of the direction of blood flow and the velocity of blood and cardiac tissue at any arbitrary point using the Doppler effect. One of the limitations is that the ultrasound beam should be as parallel to the blood flow as possible. Velocity measurements allow assessment of cardiac valve areas and function, any abnormal communications between the left and right side of the heart, any leaking of blood through the valves (valvular regurgitation), and calculation of the cardiac output. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound using gas-filled microbubble contrast media can be used to improve velocity or other flow-related medical measurements. Although â€Å"Doppler† has become synonymous with â€Å"velocity measurement† in medical imaging, in many cases it is not the frequency shift (Doppler shift) of the received signal that is measured, but the phase shift (when the received signal arrives). Velocity measurements of blood flow are also used in other fields of medical ultrasonography, such as obstetric ultrasonography and neurology. Velocity measurement of blood flow in arteries and veins based on Doppler effect is an effective tool for diagnosis of vascular problems like stenosis. [3] Flow measurement Instruments such as the laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV), and Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) have been developed to measure velocities in a fluid flow. The LDV and ADV emit a light or acoustic beam, and measure the Doppler shift in wavelengths of reflections from particles moving with the flow. The actual flow is computed as a function of the water velocity and face. This technique allows non-intrusive flow measurements, at high precision and high frequency. Underwater acoustics In military applications the Doppler shift of a target is used to ascertain the speed of a submarine using both passive and active sonar systems. As a submarine passes by a passive sonobuoy, the stable frequencies undergo a Doppler shift, and the speed and range from the sonobuoy can be calculated. If the sonar system is mounted on a moving ship or an another submarine, then the relative velocity can be calculated.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Free Essays on AA

The meeting I attended was in Seattle it was an AA, open meeting, non-smoking and they labeled it as a discussion meeting. It took me a while to find a meeting that was non-smoking; can’t stand the smell of smoke. I didn’t know what to expect from the meeting. I remember going with my mom when I was younger but I don’t remember too much about the actual meeting. This meeting however was sort of a wake up call so to speak. I don’t do any drugs nor do I drink but I was still nervous going into the meeting. When I walked into the meeting room, the room was full of chairs and refreshments such as juice and coffee; they even had some crackers and cookies for the participants. There were a lot of people that just seemed like they were out of it. It actually looked like1/2 of the people needed a drink. I got the impression that some of them seemed to not want to be there. When they started going around the room and introducing themselves and telling complete strangers their problems it really hit me. I just told myself that I am lucky to be in the position I am in. I feel so grateful to have my life going in a direction that I want it to. I felt really bad for some of the people, here they are drinking themselves to death and nothing seems to faze them. This one guy stood up and said that even though he is on probation he still can’t stop â€Å"boozeing it up.† I have a good heart but when that guy said that he was disregarding his probation I couldn’t help but to have some disrespect for him. I don’t care what people say if you are disciplined enough you can quit anything. My dad smoked for over 20 years and one day he just quit. He hasn’t smoked for over 20 years. This guy had no discipline, he was a walking wreak. When he was talking, he was looking towards the ground the whole time; you could tell that he was disappointed in himself. Attending this meeting was one of the hardest things I have ... Free Essays on AA Free Essays on AA The meeting I attended was in Seattle it was an AA, open meeting, non-smoking and they labeled it as a discussion meeting. It took me a while to find a meeting that was non-smoking; can’t stand the smell of smoke. I didn’t know what to expect from the meeting. I remember going with my mom when I was younger but I don’t remember too much about the actual meeting. This meeting however was sort of a wake up call so to speak. I don’t do any drugs nor do I drink but I was still nervous going into the meeting. When I walked into the meeting room, the room was full of chairs and refreshments such as juice and coffee; they even had some crackers and cookies for the participants. There were a lot of people that just seemed like they were out of it. It actually looked like1/2 of the people needed a drink. I got the impression that some of them seemed to not want to be there. When they started going around the room and introducing themselves and telling complete strangers their problems it really hit me. I just told myself that I am lucky to be in the position I am in. I feel so grateful to have my life going in a direction that I want it to. I felt really bad for some of the people, here they are drinking themselves to death and nothing seems to faze them. This one guy stood up and said that even though he is on probation he still can’t stop â€Å"boozeing it up.† I have a good heart but when that guy said that he was disregarding his probation I couldn’t help bu t to have some disrespect for him. I don’t care what people say if you are disciplined enough you can quit anything. My dad smoked for over 20 years and one day he just quit. He hasn’t smoked for over 20 years. This guy had no discipline, he was a walking wreak. When he was talking, he was looking towards the ground the whole time; you could tell that he was disappointed in himself. Attending this meeting was one of the hardest things I have ... Free Essays on AA Today’s society has been corrupted by the constant abuse of drugs and alcohol. Alcohol alone is responsible for over nine hundred thousand deaths, on average, per year. Most people don’t even look at alcohol as a drug. In fact alcohol is a very dangerous drug in the world. The main reason that it is so dangerous is because there are so many people that abuse it. Alcohol is not only legal, but is also one of the most abused drugs in the world. People from various cultures perceive drinking in different contexts, and huge amounts of alcohol are consumed annually around the world. Alcohol is usually consumed orally and it distributes itself fast and evenly through body water, and it easily trespasses the blood-brain barrier and the placental barrier. Even at low levels, alcohol disrupts performance and interferes with complex activities. It generally causes feelings of happiness and reduces the ability of aversive events to control behavior. High doses cause loud, energetic behavior, and even higher doses cause loss of consciousness and death. Tolerance to alcohol develops after regular and large amounts of consumption. It also creates physical dependence and serious withdrawal symptoms that can cause death if left untreated. The reason people abuse it so is because the society looks at alcohol as a normal part of life, the society promotes drinking, and when people want it they can have it. We just have to run down the street to the local supermarket and buy whatever type of alcohol that appeals to us. The number of alcoholics has risen drastically over the decades. In the 1970’s America started to recognize the growing problem of alcoholism. Organizations were formed to help the people that wanted help. The different organizations and groups eventually lead to the formation of a group called Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Which has become the best treatment for people that have the disease of Alcoholism. AA is the m...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Navigating Professional Contexts

Navigating Professional Contexts Children are Citizens The City of Port Phillip, an inner local government city in Melbourne Australia, has developed strategies that will challenge the traditional view of children as citizens of the state by theorising children as major actors in the society who have a valid and important understanding of the world in general and can be able to contribute to the development of the society (City of Port Phillip, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Navigating Professional Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These strategies have been developed as a result of the little recognition children receive when it comes to voicing their opinions or getting their voices heard. Children also lack equal opportunities in the adult world in cases where they are faced with poverty, cultural diversity or disabilities (Smith et al, 2008). The development of the strategies will ensure that the City of Port Phillip has a t heoretical and practical framework that will be used to create awareness to the adult community in the city that children should be regarded as citizens who deserve equal opportunities and also to be listened to. The strategies will be used to develop a children’s plan that will reflect on issues such as embedding the concept of children as citizens in the constitution, developing policies and frameworks that will be used to support children’s activities in civic duties within the city and structures of citizenship that will represent the needs of children in Port Phillip (City of Port Phillip, 2009). The decision to include children as citizens of the state arose out of a gap in the Municipal Early Years Plan (MEYP) that did not involve children in its formulation stage. The MEYP was an initiative by the State Government of Victoria which required all councils in Australia to develop a plan for children that would be used in developing strategies that would coordinate the educational, health care and early childhood development activities of children living in Australia. The City of Port Phillip recognised this gap and decided that a broader approach was needed in dealing with aspects that affected children and promoted new ways of thinking about children’s opportunities in the adult world.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The new way of thinking challenged the State of Victoria’s policies on service delivery to children by proposing that their rights and interests should be considered before any strategic frameworks are developed (City of Port Phillip, 2009). MEYP did not involve any consultation or input from children during the formulation stages of the plan which would create certain gaps when the plan would be used for early childhood development programs and healthcare delivery services for young children (Smith Smale, 2007). The various councils involved in the MEYP plan realised that they did not have the relevant skills and knowledge to develop strategies that are meant for children. The City of Port Phillip took the initiative to consult with children when developing the municipal plan especially during the implementation phase by analysing their ideas and opinions (City of Port Phillip, 2009). To develop a plan that had the incorporation of children’s ideas, the council of Port Phillip analysed the ideas that council staff and community members had about children being viewed as citizens. Most of the staff interviewed were those who had a direct or indirect interaction with children in the community. Their opinions about children were based on the images they had on children and how these images affected their day to day duties. The three images that the council staff and community members had of children were that adults viewed children as objects that could be developed and co nstructed by developing policies and procedures to be used in their developmental activities. The other image was that children were seen to be apprentices who could be developed and educated to become future citizens instead of current day citizens. Policies and procedures were developed towards gearing children to become future citizens. These policies were formulated by adults based on their observations on children. The third image about children was that they were viewed as social actors as well as citizens who had valid knowledge about their surrounding community and the world in general. This image represented the fact that children were present day active citizens who were allowed to participate in decision making activities (Smith et al, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Navigating Professional Contexts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The assessment carried out by the City of Port Phillip showed that children were able to express their views and opinions on matters that affected them when they were given an opportunity to do so; there were hierarchies for citizenship that included children in the society. There was a need for members of the community to view children as citizens who deserved equal opportunities and rights. People who worked in organizations or communities that mostly dealt with children were required to view them as equal opportunity members while they carried out their work. There was also a need to develop a culture that would ensure the participation of children in community developmental activities (Smith et al, 2008). The strategies that were developed by the City of Port Phillip that would be used in recognising children as citizens included championing the cause with influence by involving people in authoritative positions such as politicians, members of parliament and councillors. The endorsement of children to be viewed as citizens by these people in authoritative positions would ensure that community members would also see the benefits of having children as equal opportunity members of the society. These authoritative figures also had access to state and government funds that could be channelled to awareness activities of viewing children as citizens. The other strategy developed by the council of Port Phillip was to assess the educational opportunities on offer in the city and what the contents of the education system were. This entailed conducting a critical reflection process on the council member’s image of children which required that they should identify and support responsibilities that were targeted towards ensuring children were involved in decision making activities (City of Port Phillips, 2009). The other strategy involved developing protocols that would see children’s views and opinions being used in community development activities. Children’s views and consent would be used in developing pr ograms and theoretical frameworks that would not only affect them but the adults in the society as well.Advertising Looking for assessment on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Developing these protocols would involve designing tools that would be used in consulting with children in policy and procedure formulation processes. Some of the tools that have been used by the City of Port Phillip include individual interviews where children are interviewed by adults and also by other children, group discussions, and artistic work such as drawing, photographs, painting and videography (City of Port Phillip, 2009). The City of Port Phillip is focused on developing a children’s plan that will incorporate the views of all the children in the city. According to statistics, the past four years have seen more than 400 children who are aged between 0 to 12 years contributing their ideas and opinions on ways of improving the living and learning conditions of Port Phillip. As a result, the information will be used by the local council authorities to develop a MEYP plan that will incorporate the views and needs of children in relation to policy formulation and proce dures (City of Port Phillip, 2009). Children deserve a challenging and safe learning environment The Government of Australia has developed an early learning framework for children in Australia that will be used by child educators to enrich their lives by providing education that prepares them for adult life. The framework is also meant to provide a smooth transition for the children during the various stages of their educational life. The framework is based on the vision that all children have the right to access the best opportunities that will enable them to start their lives on a good note and create a good future for themselves. The framework was developed after gathering input from various sectors such as the early childhood educators, children in early educational programs and the state, territorial governments of Australia (Commonwealth of Australia, 2009). The early childhood framework was developed to ensure that children received quality education and learning experiences that would develop them in the later stages of their lives. The framework outlines learning outcomes that will be used to gauge the skills, knowledge and abilities that children should have once they have complete the educational programs. The learning outcomes that have been outlined include teaching children to have a strong sense of identity and wellbeing, educating children to be connected to the world by equipping them with skills they can use in contributing to the development activities in their communities, and teaching children to be confident and effective communicators (Commonwealth of Australia, 2009). The type of learning that will take place in relation to the outcomes will be influenced by the children’s capabilities and learning preferences, the techniques that the educator uses to teach the children, the learning environment and the integration of the learning practices with learning outcomes. The framework recognises the fact that learning is a continuous pr ocess that is not always predictable and certain.Each child progresses towards the learning outcomes in their own specific way and educators are expected to design their learning programs to meet each child’s specific needs (COA, 2009). The learning outcome that requires children to have a strong sense of identity involves teaching them to be themselves and developing their confidence levels. While they learn about themselves, children build their own identities based on the social settings of the community and their families. Their identities are also based on the types of relationships they have with family members and people that live in their surroundings. Developing a strong sense of identity will involve providing a learning environment that is safe and challenging. Children learn and grow more quickly when they are in a safe and secure environment (COA, 2009). A safe learning environment will ensure that children are able to build secure relationships with their peers, family members, educators and their community members. Safe and secure learning environments will also ensure that they have a sense of belonging in the learning environment as well as enable them to communicate their needs and demands to the people concerned. Safe learning environments allow children to express their feelings and ideas freely without any fear of being reprimanded. Children can also be able to initiate conversations with other people as well as respond to the suggestions offered by other people (HM Government, 2005). The early years learning framework also outlines that children deserve to have a learning environment that is challenging and allows them to develop interdependency skills as well as a sense of resiliency in their lives. A learning environment that is challenging allows children to have an increasing awareness to the needs of their peers as well as allow them to be open to any challenges that might arise while they are learning. Learning programs that are challenging allow children to develop persistency and critical thinking to their learning tasks as well as ensure they have confidence when approaching new and difficult situations (COA, 2009). The educational program should be designed in a way that ensures children are inspired and challenged after completing the learning program. Children who are exposed to a culture of reading and studying only without experiencing any extra curriculum activities such as music, sports and social activities are more likely to develop a negative attitude towards learning. Children should therefore be challenged academically to ensure they are inspired to perform learning tasks to the best of their abilities (Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2010). Children are capable learners whose perspectives should be listened to, respected and integrated into the learning environment This statement is exemplified under the learning outcome of developing a strong sense of identity in the Early Years Learning Framework developed for the educational sector in Australia (Commonwealth of Australia, 2009). Children who are capable learners have a broad variety of ideas, opinions and perspectives on different learning activities. They deserve to have an opportunity to have these perspectives listened to and respected for their value. For children to be viewed as capable learners they should feel recognised and respected for who they are by educators, their peers, their family members and the society. They are also able to share aspects of their upbringing, cultural backgrounds and religion with their friends during the learning process. Integrating children’s perspectives into the learning environment will ensure that they are able to develop a strong foundation in the family setting and also the community setting as well as enable them to reach out for assistance and companionship (State of Victoria, 2009). Enacting the Value Statements into Practice It is im portant to view children as important contributors to the society by ensuring that their voices and opinions are heard when it comes to developing programs that will benefit them in the long term. Children should therefore be accorded citizenship in their respectable communities or societies a fete that can be achieved by incorporating their ideas into educational programs and developing strategies that will ensure they are involved in the formulation of governmental policies and procedures (UNCRC, 2006). Creating a safe and challenging environment for learning will allow children to develop confidence skills and capabilities that will mould them into leadership positions. Having their perspectives and opinions listened to will also ensure that they can become leaders at the later stages of their life. This can be achieved by creating educational programs that have social learning activities which will allow children to demonstrate their leadership abilities and skills like the Mast er in School Leadership (MSL) program developed for all educational schools in Victoria. The program builds a child’s capacity for leadership opportunities within the school and also in the outside world (Matthews et al, 2007). References Association for Supervision and Curriculum, Development (ASCD) (2010). Educating the whole child: the new learning compact. Web. City of Port Phillip (2005). Municipal Early Years Plan- creating a child friendly Port  Phillip: a framework for action and three year implementation plan 2005-2009. Web. City of Port Phillip (2009). Children’s participation in urban settings: respecting children  as active citizens. Melbourne: City of Port Phillip. Commonwealth of Australia (COA) (2009). The early years learning framework for  Australia. Australian Government: Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations for the Council of Australian Governments. HM Government (2005).Working together to safeguard children: a guide to i nter-agency  working to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. Web. Matthews, P., Moorman, H., Nusche, D., (2007). School leadership development  strategies: building leadership capacity in Victoria, Australia. Victoria: OECD, Directorate for Education. Smith, K., MacNaughton, G., Alexander, K., (2008). Respecting children as active  citizens: participation in policies and services. Melbourne: University of Melbourne. Web. Smith, K., Smale, J., (2007). Listening to children: local government respecting  children’s rights to citizenship. Brussels: Diversity in Early Childhood Education and Training (DECET). State of Victoria (2009). Victorian early years learning and development framework: for  all children from birth to eight years. Victoria, Australia: Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. United Nations Committee on the Rights of the child (UNCRC) (2006). A guide to  general comment 7: implementing child rights in early childhood. T he Hague: Bernard van Leer Foundation.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Definition of Canon in Fiction and Literature

Definition of Canon in Fiction and Literature In fiction and literature, the canon is the collection of works considered representative of a period or genre. The collected works of William Shakespeare, for instance, would be part of the canon of western literature, since his writing and writing style has had a significant impact on nearly all aspects of that genre. How the Canon Changes The accepted body of work that comprises the canon of Western literature has evolved and changed over the years, however. For centuries, it was populated primarily by white men and was not representative of Western culture as a whole.   Over time, some works become less pertinent in the canon as theyre replaced by more modern counterparts. For instance, the works of Shakespeare and Chaucer are still considered significant.  But lesser-known writers of the past, such as William Blake and Matthew Arnold, have faded in relevance, replaced by modern counterparts like Ernest Hemingway (The Sun Also Rises), Langston Hughes (Harlem ), and Toni Morrison (Beloved). Origin of the Word Canon In religious terms, a canon is a standard of judgment or a text containing those views, such as the Bible or the Koran. Sometimes within religious traditions, as views evolve or change, some formerly canonical texts become apocryphal, meaning outside the realm of whats considered representative. Some apocryphal works are never granted formal  acceptance but are influential nevertheless. An example of an apocryphal text in Christianity would be the Gospel of Mary Magdelene. This is a highly controversial text not widely recognized in the Church - but it is believed to be the words of one of Jesus closest companions.   Cultural Significance and Canon Literature People of color have become more prominent parts of the canon as a past emphasis on Eurocentrism has waned. For example, contemporary writers such as Louise Erdrich (The Round House), Amy Tan (The Joy Luck Club), and James Baldwin (Notes of a Native Son) are representative of entire subgenres of African-American, Asian-American, and Native American styles of writing.   Posthumous Additions Some writers and artists work is not as well appreciated in their time, and their writing becomes part of the canon many years after their deaths. This is especially true of female writers such as Charlotte Bronte (Jane Eyre), Jane Austen (Pride and Prejudice), Emily Dickinson (Because I Could Not Stop for Death), and Virginia Woolf (A Room of Ones Own). The Evolving Canon Literary Definition Many teachers and schools rely on the canon to teach students about literature, so its crucial that it includes works that are representative of society, providing a snapshot of a given point in time. This, of course, has led to many disputes among literary scholars over the years. Arguments about which works are worthy of further examination and study are likely to continue as cultural norms and mores shift and evolve.   By studying canonical works of the past, we gain a new appreciation for them from a modern perspective. For instance, Walt Whitmans epic poem Song of Myself is now viewed as a seminal work of gay literature. During Whitmans lifetime, it was not necessarily read within that context.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Humic Acid removal and fouling using tubular ceramic micro filtration Essay

Humic Acid removal and fouling using tubular ceramic micro filtration membranes combined with coagulation and adsorption - Essay Example result in either increased flux (for operation at constant pressure) or decreased feed pressure requirements (for operation at constant flux); the converse effect results from colder feedwater.† (Cheryan, 1998) Consequently, temperature is an important consideration in the conceptual design phase, because changes in feedwater temperature over the year may necessitate additional membrane area to maintain the required system capacity, depending on the maximum TMP of the membranes, seasonal water demand, and other site-specific factors. When considering temperature effects on MF/UF membranes, the flux is typically normalized to a reference temperature of 20 °C. (Cho et al., 283-298, 2000) Typical units for flux are gallons of water per square foot of membrane area per day or litters of water per square meter of membrane area per hour. The pore density (P^sub pore^) is the number of pores per unit of membrane area, r is the pore radius, Ï„ is the tortuosity factor, and Δz is the pore length. Thus, the resistance to pure water transport across a clean membrane is expected to increase with increasing tortuosity and thickness and with decreasing pore density and pore radius (with a strongly influencing inverse 4th power relationship). An important operational factor that can strongly influence the flux is the foulants that accumulate over a filtration cycle (reversible fouling), between cleaning intervals (reversible fouling), and over the life of a membrane module (irreversible fouling). This fouling can take several forms: particulate/colloidal fouling, organic fouling, and/or bio fouling. Fouling results in the gradual reduction in flux (for constant pressure operation) or increase in TMP (for constant flux operation) because of adsorption or deposition of contaminants either within the pores or on the surface of the membrane. (Hicke, 187–196, 2002) In Eq 1, fouling is incorporated by expanding the resistance term to include additive factors to account for the

Summaries of the articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summaries of the articles - Essay Example The program is a survey based effort that has evolved out of the initial programs of the 1980s. The survey has a web based program that gathers information from working pharmacists and categorizes them in 1 of 25 categories. The findings are then published in an effort to aid current and future pharmacists in designing their own career path. In addition, the report is broken down between pharmacist and pharmaceutical scientist. In addition to listing areas as diverse as teaching and management, the findings report on workers' job satisfaction, workload, and demographics. In an article titled New Perspective Urged to Combat Resistant Microbes author Kate Traynor reports on the recent efforts to make antimicrobial effectiveness a public health priority. The author states that antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to public health and the article urges "antimicrobial effectiveness be treated as a natural resource, much like oil, fish, or forests" (p.1248). The importance of the issue is highlighted by Ramanan Laxminarayan, a senior fellow at the prestigious Resources for the Future who is quoted as saying "Antibiotic resistance is an immediate threat to public health" (p.1246). Laxminarayan calls for the implementation of a new government policy. The article pointed out that reducing microbial resistanc... The author states that the role of the pharmacist is pivotal in the process as they are in a position to encourage appropriate use of antimicrobials, and reduce the incidence of the over prescribing that encourages resistance. In addition, pharmacists should work with health care facilities to minimize antimicrobial exposure, while protecting the patient. Atopic March to a Dead End or Does the Theory Really Have Legs Author Frederic R. Curtiss challenges the long held belief that atopic dermatitis (AD) precedes the development of asthma in an article titled Atopic March to a Dead End or Does the Theory Really Have Legs Curtiss relies on the expert opinion of Hywel Williams, Foundation Professor of Dermato-Epidemiology at the Centre of Evidence-Based Dermatology at the University of Nottingham's Queen's Medical Centre's NHS Trust. Professor Williams states there is still the conventional wisdom in regards to the 'atopic march' in which AD progresses to atopic manifestations (AM). Williams argues that , "he was not aware of any clinical trial that has evaluated the effectiveness of early aggressive treatment of AD as a means to prevent or mollify AMs such as food allergy, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and asthma" (p.810). He contends there is simply not enough evidence to confirm the 'atopic march'. One of the problems in the attempt to confirm this effect is the reliance on existing health care records and their limitations. Curtiss contends that, "It is healthy for readers to keep in mind that administrative claims were not intended to be used for research that implies accuracy and precision in coding for diagnoses and that administrative claims research necessarily suffers from

Friday, October 18, 2019

Cyborg and identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cyborg and identity - Essay Example Discussion The relationship developed between the bionic limbs of a user and their identity is evident from the fact that they give the user a sense of being a different person – which allows them the ability to become and act like whoever they want to become. This relationship between the bionic limbs and the identities developed by their users is evident from the case of Aimee Mullins, who is known to take the roles of totally different persons; she an athlete and an artist, whenever the occasion calls for it (TED 1). From the wide spectrum of the identities that she has developed, it is evidence that her bionic limbs play a role that exceeds the functional role of allowing her to walk like the other people (Warren 38). Further, many of the users of bionic limbs are able to keep them a secret to the general public, which implies that their functionality goes beyond that of enhancing their experience of the environment, but also allowing them to identify with everybody else ( Sobchack 20-22). The relationship developed between bionic limbs and the identity of the user is evident from their ability to fit into the social norm, which makes them feel like a part of the norm of having legs. The wearing of bionic limbs is viewed like an artistic replacement of the missing part of the body – which offers the user an artistic outlook and edge, besides making them appear like everybody else. This relationship of shaping the identity of the user and their impact on their identity can be traced from the conventional definition of a prosthetic, which is an object inserted or attached to the body of the user to replace a defective or missing body part (TED 1). This definition leads to the relationship between bionic limbs and the identity of the users, where, wearing these limbs is viewed like an artistic way of replacing the missing part of the body (Sobchack 20-22). The artistic replacement of the missing part of the body, apart from being imaged as the com plement that makes the user an able-bodied person, it makes them fit into the social expectations of the appearance of a normal person, which makes them feel like other people. The role of bionic limbs in shaping the identity of the users is evident from the fact that the users can do things better than they could do before – and in some cases better than normal people can do – including the ability to run faster and riding bikes. The new person with better abilities and in some cases, abilities that exceed those of ordinary people becomes the new identity of the user of bionic limbs (Warren 39). This ability to change roles from a disabled to a fully capable person contributes to the development of their new identity, which points out the integral relationship between bionic limbs and the identity of the user. This relationship is evident from the life of Aimee Mullins, whose lower legs were removed after birth, but she has matured to become a star in the Paralympics through the use of her bionic limbs. For example, as a Paralympics champion, her identity is developed around her use of bionic limbs, and without them, she may never become that star again. Further, her

Health and Safety Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Health and Safety Management - Essay Example There is a need to lessen accidents that occur in a work place, otherwise higher costs would entail both â€Å"increased insurance premiums and greater indirect costs† (OSHA, 2007). Through the Safety and Health Program, various companies report that it could save four to six dollars for every one dollar invested. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), annual Workers’ Compensation claim of an Atlanta company in the years 1994 to 1996 costs from $592,335 to $91,536, with a reduction of $500,000. On the other hand, Horizon Steel Erectors was able to reduce its accident costs per person per hour from $4.26 to $0.18 when it was able to implement a 100% fall protection program and supervisory accountability for safety (OSHA, 2007). These are only a few of the companies who have implemented a good working vision, mission and goals in Safety and Health Management. From emphasizing a â€Å"safety first† motto, companies should start workin g on a â€Å"safety production first† motto. And in order to obtain a holistic approach to safety culture, organizations must emphasize the elements of a safety and health system: management leadership and employee involvement, worksite analysis, safety and health training, and the hazard prevention and control (OSHA, 2007).

Thursday, October 17, 2019

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 11

English - Essay Example Undoubtedly, the internet is increasingly one of the irreplaceable means of communication, for instance, it enables individuals to keep in touch and bring different people together, allows arrangement of meetings over the net among others. Truly, the internet has transformed various aspects of our lives over the past few years, and it has also transformed the whole world into a global village. In the contemporary world, life without the internet is impossible and unimaginable because almost every individual in the world depends on it either directly or indirectly. Despite the diversity that the internet creates, the internet does not create a freer and equal world. This paper discusses this claim with reference to culture, politics and the society at large. The internet has positively influenced culture and the spread cultural values, for instance, it play a leading role in promoting a better understanding between cultures and cultural identities to emerge and communicate with each other. It promotes uniformity and homogeneity more than diversity (Porter 2013, p.62). The internet forms a common background for cultural exchange and individuals from diverse cultures are able to interact via the internet and share idea, values as well as their cultural practices. Societal members are able to easily access any information from the internet and learn about anything they desire. In addition, the internet allows cultural exploration, that is, different cultures can easily explore other cultures and understand other cultural perspectives using the internet. Actually, a person can learn about any culture by using search engine to have an access to available information about the desired culture. Before the invention of the internet, individuals used to travel to a particular society in order to learn about their culture or look for a book that has information about that

Analyze the statements of each speaker. What does each statement imply Essay

Analyze the statements of each speaker. What does each statement imply regarding their views on the following legal philosophica - Essay Example George Wallace was the 45th Governor of Alabama and he was strongly in favor of segregation laws. He held opposite opinions from Luther King Jr. on human rights and believed that it was right for white and colored men to be treated differently. His opinion on civil movements was also not pleasing for civil rights activist. He called for an end to these movements. King’s views on Legal Philosophical Issues Natural law is the law that is based on human inclination or nature (Rothbard, M. 2011). Positive laws are manmade laws that are based on the fact that human beings are not inherently moral or rational so laws are required to govern them. Martin Luther King considered natural law to be more legitimate than positive laws. King considered the positive laws of segregation to be incoherent with natural law of freedom and justice. He said â€Å"We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating: ‘Fo r Whites Only.’† (Luther King Jr.). Segregation was supported by law and King argued against it because he thought it was against the natural laws of freedom. Luther King Jr. was of the opinion of St. Augustine that ‘unjust law is no law’ (MacDonald Jr. 2010). ... Law should be used to promote the common good as argued by King. He believed that it was our duty to follow the just laws. Just laws promote the common good among people by listening to the all groups of the society. He says in his speech â€Å"Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice† (Luther King Jr.). So he argues that laws should be changed. When he argues that laws should be changed he must believe that laws can be used to promote common good of the people. Martin Luther King Jr. believed in the non violent ways of protest. He was inspired by Gandhi and his philosophy of non violence. He believed that violence is not justified even if it is done to achieve a just claim. He said specifically â€Å"In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds† (Luther King Jr.). This clearly explains his non violent ideas. He strongly believed that harm done to people even in the course of protest for a just cause is not justified. The legal philosophy of King was to achieve the aims through peaceful protests and not physical violence. King viewed the role of autonomy to be great in determining aims of law. Autonomy was promised by the ancestors of America but this was not given to the black Americans. In his opinion aims of law were to promote autonomy but later on the society developed its own biases and prejudices. State intervention is argued by Stuart Mill but only in cases where a person inflicts harm or danger to the society (Dogan, A. 2006). King sees paternalism as undesirable as it hinders in achieving the aim of law and that is to promote freedom. Morality plays a role in determining aims of law according to Luther King Jr. The aims

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 11

English - Essay Example Undoubtedly, the internet is increasingly one of the irreplaceable means of communication, for instance, it enables individuals to keep in touch and bring different people together, allows arrangement of meetings over the net among others. Truly, the internet has transformed various aspects of our lives over the past few years, and it has also transformed the whole world into a global village. In the contemporary world, life without the internet is impossible and unimaginable because almost every individual in the world depends on it either directly or indirectly. Despite the diversity that the internet creates, the internet does not create a freer and equal world. This paper discusses this claim with reference to culture, politics and the society at large. The internet has positively influenced culture and the spread cultural values, for instance, it play a leading role in promoting a better understanding between cultures and cultural identities to emerge and communicate with each other. It promotes uniformity and homogeneity more than diversity (Porter 2013, p.62). The internet forms a common background for cultural exchange and individuals from diverse cultures are able to interact via the internet and share idea, values as well as their cultural practices. Societal members are able to easily access any information from the internet and learn about anything they desire. In addition, the internet allows cultural exploration, that is, different cultures can easily explore other cultures and understand other cultural perspectives using the internet. Actually, a person can learn about any culture by using search engine to have an access to available information about the desired culture. Before the invention of the internet, individuals used to travel to a particular society in order to learn about their culture or look for a book that has information about that

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Marketing Communication of Adidas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Communication of Adidas - Essay Example The firm that is analyzed in the paper is Adidas. Created in 1925 by Adolf ‘Adi’ Dassler, Adidas has dominated the sports apparel and footwear market for over 80 years. Adidas started off as a sports footwear company that designed special shoes for athletes, however, over the years Adidas expanded into sports goods as well. After its success in Germany Adidas expanded to the United States in 1968, and captured the American market in a matter of few years. Adidas’ success worldwide can be attributed not only to its unmatched quality and innovation but also to its marketing strategies. Being a premier sports brand, Adidas has been prominent in the sports world at all levels which has been a huge success factor for the brand. The broad product offering of Adidas has enabled it to capture a global market for itself; the product categories include Football, Basketball, Running, Training and Outdoor sports. Customization and innovation are key growth drivers for the bra nd. Adidas is identified with performance and in order to uphold that brand image it serves its consumers five performance benefits through its products which are designed to be faster, stronger, smarter, cooler and natural. Marketing communication plays a pivotal role when it comes to establishing brand name, loyalty and engaging consumers. The marketing communication of Adidas seeks to achieve three main objectives: creating brand awareness, identifying a need that the brand or product fulfills and finally encouraging action from the audience. It achieves these by employing seamless marketing and communication leadership strategies, rendering authenticity through strategic partnerships and extending brand reach through endorsements and partnerships. A very important growth driver is the brand’s history with athletes and Global sports which has not only created a favorable brand image but also brand awareness and loyalty in the Global arena. Endorsements and sponsorships hav e been the central marketing communication tool of Adidas. By virtue of its nature, the brand has the power to dominate the world of sports through strategic partnerships and celebrity endorsements. The most crucial perhaps, have been endorsements by athletes such as Ian Thorpe, Andre Agassi, Kaka, Zidane, David Beckham et al who embody the brand image and product philosophy and consequently create very favorable attitudes in consumers towards the brand. The brand is, therefore, not only preferred by athletes across the world but also by ordinary consumers who have a passion for sports and who idolize those athletes. Another marketing tool of the brand is associating the brand philosophy to tangible outcomes. This not only renders legitimacy to the brand but also sensationalizes it and therefore leaves a very far reaching impact by creating a brand appeal that is second to none. The ‘golden ball’ for instance was the official football for FIFA World Cup 2006. The brandà ¢â‚¬â„¢s association with major sporting events, leagues, clubs and sports associations as partner, sponsor and licensee has also been a central pillar in propping its marketing communication. Among many such associations some mention worthy partnerships and sponsorships include; the

Monday, October 14, 2019

Cpk Case Essay Example for Free

Cpk Case Essay California Pizza Kitchen, Inc. (CPK) is a United States based dining restaurants chain. The company primarily offers a mixture of assortments of hearth-baked pizzas, a wide variety of unique appetizers, desserts, pastas, salads, soups and sandwiches. CPK operates across more than 253 locations in 32 states, the District of Columbia and 10 foreign countries. It owns 205 and 48 franchised restaurants across the world and is headquartered at Dover, Delaware. An external analysis of the California Pizza Kitchen reveals several challenges facing the business: Political, economical, social and technological changes to be specific. CPK’s communication strategy focuses on marketing the California Pizza Kitchen brand through many creative and non-traditional avenues. As one of the pioneers of premium pizza, they continue to benefit from national media attention featuring their co-founders and co-CEOs, Richard Rosenfield and Larry Flax, this is believed to provide CPK with a noteworthy competitive advantage. New restaurant openings, high-profile fundraisers and media events currently serve as the focal point of their public relations and media outreach efforts. As early as 2009 CPK landed a sponsorship agreement with the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim and the Los Angeles Kings to promote California Pizza Kitchen at Angel Stadium and STAPLES Center, respectively. In the same year their public relations efforts led to coverage on a national level in various outlets including the Business Week Magazine, ESPN the Magazine, Los Angeles Times, USA Today, Wall Street Journal, The View, FOX National News and CNBC Power Lunch. CPK’s objective is to expand its leadership position in the restaurant and premium pizza market by selling original, high quality pizzas in addition to creative salads, distinctive pastas and related products and by providing extraordinary customer service, thus building a high degree of customer loyalty, brand awareness and superior returns for stockholders. To reach these objectives, CPK plan to increase the market share by expanding their restaurant base in new and existing markets, leveraging their partnerships in non-traditional and retail channels and offering inventive menu items. CPK is pursuing a disciplined growth strategy that, to be successful, depends on the ability and the ability of franchisees and licensees to open new restaurants and to operate these new restaurants on a profitable basis. Successful growth depends on numerous factors including: the hiring, training and retention of qualified working ersonnel, especially managers; competition for restaurant sites; negotiation of favorable lease terms; timely development of new restaurants, including the availability of construction materials and labor; management of construction and development costs of new restaurants; securing required governmental approvals and permits; competition in our markets; and general economic conditions

Sunday, October 13, 2019

The Changes Of Jerome Renault Essay examples -- essays research papers

Jerry Renault in The Chocolate War appears to be â€Å"going with the flow†Ã¢â‚¬â€trying out for football, checking out girls—but his inner character drives him to differ. He fights to grasp his feelings and lacks self-confidence when he needs it most. As Jerry begins to unearth his inner-self, other obstacles and ideas dealing with certain emotions arise. As he progresses and reaches a level of comprehension, he grows closer to his goal—a sense of self-rule. Jerry seems to be a typical freshman, in a period of experimentation—trying out for the team, dreaming about girls, reading â€Å"girlie magazines,† but he also appears to be a dazed and confused one. He is â€Å"stunned by his mother’s recent death and by the way his father sleepwalks through life.† Jerry is experiencing an identity crisis and needs some self loyalty which can only be gained by reaching a level of understanding of himself and his feelings. Later, preparing for bed and sleep, Jerry looked at himself in the mirror, saw himself as that guy on the Common must have seen him the other day: Square Boy. Just as he had superimposed his mother’s image on his father’s face, now he could see his father’s face reflected in his own features. He turned away. He didn’t want to be a mirror image of his father. The thought made him cringe. I want to do something, be somebody. But what? But what? (p.53) As Jerry continues to search for himself, he is faced with a â€Å"Vigil assignment†Ã¢â‚¬â€refusal to participate in the school fund raiser, ...

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Brave New World - A Letter to Mr. Huxley :: essays papers

Brave New World - A Letter to Mr. Huxley Dear Mr. Huxley During the past few weeks my class and I have been reading your book, â€Å" Brave New World†. While reading your book I have discovered a few captivating issues. These issues include the destruction of the family, the use of drugs, and polygamy (obligatory sex). These issues are interesting because of their implications in life today, and the frequent times they are shown in the book. The ways they are used to control people and make their life easier, and the fact that our world seems to be falling into the same state. The destruction of the family an important issue to me personally because of the relevance it has to my life and to our changing world. The fact that the words mother, father, etc are considered pornographic is particularly interesting. The family in â€Å"Brave New World† is replaced with bottles, nurses, conditioning, and life training. These changes allow for a more easily controlled individual. By not allowing a person to have or develop relationships that person is more receptive to his predestined path and more contented to follow the group. The destruction of the family is also an issue in today’s world. Devoice and pregnancy before marriage is destroying the Family. These things are causing children to grow up with out whole families and in some cases without any family. This worries me because I don’t want our world to end up the same as the one in â€Å"Brave New World.† The issue of Use of Drugs is a personal favourite. While the idea of a perfect drug that has no side effects and doesn’t leave you with a hangover is intriguing. The way it is used in the book is disturbing. The drug in the book is used to keep people from having any unwanted emotions; they are conditioned to spend most of there free time on soma (the drug). This causes them not to have much time to think about anything, which makes them more content to spend their life doing just what there told and making them a controlled individual with no real power over there own life (a slave). The use of drugs is a big issue in our world today.

Friday, October 11, 2019

An Analysis of Old Major’s Speech: Animal Farm Essay

Having served the Indian Imperial Police in Burma, George Orwell received direct experience with the lower-class of society. After joining the Republican forces in the Spanish Civil War he grew critical of the communists, and later he fought the communists in Spain, himself. This was the reason he wrote Animal Farm: to illustrate the dangers that communism, implemented in a harsh way, often led to. In this way, it could be classified as satire, i. e.on the corruption of the Russian revolution, not on communism itself. He wrote it as an anthropomorphic allegory, that is to say that the story of the Russian Revolution was written with the characters being animals rather than humans, and that it was not telling the story literally, rather it was figurative. In my opinion, this was done to engage the reader more fully and to bypass any stereotypes the reader may have about any one of the real-life characters. Out of these characters, Old Major of the Animal Farm represents Karl Marx who can be considered â€Å"the father of communist ideology† and of whom â€Å"Marxism† was named after. In the same way, Old Major was the â€Å"father of animalism† and he was the first one to articulate its ideas. Old Major’s name could be described as an aptonym; both the name he was exhibited with i. e. Willingdon Beauty and the name the animals knew him by i. e. Old Major. The Author uses the stereotype of â€Å"old, experienced and wise, hence highly regarded and respected†. His names represent these ideas: â€Å"Old† signifies age; â€Å"Major† signifies that he is respected due to his age; â€Å"Willingdon† may signify his leadership quality and â€Å"Beauty† signifies another reason he was highly regarded and respected. Due to his age, him being wise and his immense experience, both of which made him unique, the animals would naturally give him authority. He was a â€Å"prize middle white boar† i. e. unique in his appearance, but he was balanced with having â€Å"a wise and benevolent appearance†. This balance is the reason he engendered such respect that the animals would lose an hour of sleep to listen to his speech. Although his elderliness is being emphasised by him being â€Å"12 years old†, the author goes on to say that â€Å"he was still a majestic looking pig, with a wise and benevolent appearance in spite of the fact that his tushes were never cut†. The fact that his tushes were never cut yet there was still a majestic look on him, indicates that he was unique and his appearance was true, not artificial. During Old Major’s speech, he was not only a person of honour, but he is placed in a position of honour. He places himself on â€Å"a raised platform, under a lantern†, in a place of importance for the animals i.e. the barn, above the other animals, singling himself above the others and giving himself the authority he needed. In addition to this, he was there before any other animal, giving them the impression of promptness and strengthening their awareness of the graveness of the topic he was about to speak about. He took all these measures in order that he would have as much authority in the eyes of the other animals, as it would take so that it would make it impossible for the others to oppose him during the speech. It was night time: the animals were exhausted from their work and this was intensified by the fact that they were missing sleep. The threats of Mr Jones had disappeared and it was the ideal time for the animals to reflect on the reasons for their misery. Old Major had chosen the best time. The fact that they were tired may have made it even more likely for them to submit to Old Major’s view on their lives and his solutions to their problems. It would be natural for them to accept his conclusions given the circumstances they were in and the authority he had. Old Major waited till the animals were all present and silent. This also alludes to the importance of the topic he was going to talk about since it was his intention for all the animals to know about it and to give it their ultimate commitment. This was the importance of the occasion. One of the main components of his speech was the dream he claimed he had. In the eyes of the animals, Old Major, due to his high standing amongst them, was totally trustworthy and truthful. Hence the fact that he claimed he had learnt a song that was sung by the ancient animals, and which had been long forgotten, a song which appealed to their innermost cores, linked him up with superior powers in the eyes of the animals. In this manner, the dream led the animals to putting all their trust in Old Major’s ideas, since he was, in their eyes, impossible to be contradicted. With this in mind, the animals naturally fell â€Å"into the wildest excitement† upon Old Major’s recitation of the song. It threw hope into their hearts for change, made them wishful of the future and inspired them to work for the rebellion. It was also Old Major’s experience which made his dream impossible to contradict: he was unique amongst them due to his vast experience, something which no other animal on the farm could compete with, and it was based on this that he made his predictions of the future. A feature of the speech, which was arguably one of the most effective in terms of persuasion of the animals, was Old Major’s use of inclusive language i. e. language which included and united the audience i. e. the animals. He uses this technique throughout the speech, but the effect is emphasised in the 5th and 6th paragraphs. In the 5th paragraph, after mentioning the enemy, man, he justifies his conclusion about them citing the fact that man is incapable of doing the work animals do. Old Major declares about man, â€Å"he does not give milk, he does not lay eggs, he is too weak to pull the plough, he cannot run fast enough to catch the rabbits†. By mentioning this, he is not only illustrating the superiority of animal over man, but he is also engaging the animals in making them proud of what they do as opposed to men. Old Major does not confine himself to speaking (generally), rather he chooses to speak directly to each animal, capturing their fullest engagement with rhetorical questions on subjects of utmost concern for them. He emphasises the corruption of man with regards to these matters. This ultimately leads to the animals anger and outrage at the humans, further uniting them against man. He says, â€Å"You cows†¦ how many thousands of gallon of milk have you given during the last year? And what has happened to that milk which should have been breeding up sturdy calves? Every drop of it has gone down the throats of our enemies†. He repeats this with regards to the hens, † And you hens, how many eggs have you laid this year, and how many of those eggs ever hatched into chickens? â€Å". He even singles out Clover reminding her of the fate of her foals who were all sold. He emphasises his uniqueness in that he was allowed to reach his age, he uses himself as the ideal model and describes his life as â€Å"the natural life of a pig†. He highlights the fate of the porkers, saying â€Å"you will scream your lives at the block within a year†. He mentions Boxer, who was described earlier on in the text as â€Å"as strong as any two ordinary horses put together†, and describes his ultimate fate to be with the knackers who will kill him for the fox-hounds. As I have illustrated, Old Major combines inclusive language, rhetorical questions on issues of utmost concern for the audience, such as the horrors Mr Jones had prepared for their death.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

African Americans in American Films Essay

African Americans in American Films Introduction                   Following the violent racism prevalent at the beginning of the turn of the twentieth century, African American cultural elites, struggling to articulate a positive identity for the black, developed a middle-class ideology of racial uplift. Insisting that they were truly the representative of the race’s potential, black elites espoused an ethos of service and self-help to the black masses and distinguished themselves from the black majority as the agents of civilization; hence they referred to it as the ‘uplifting the race.’ A central assumption of racial uplift ideology was that African Americans’ moral progress and material would diminish the white racism.                   The ‘uplift’ of the black community referred to the struggle of African Americans living in the 19th and early 20th century to forge and maintain positive identity in the U.S. society that reduced their existence to that singularly alienating phrase â€Å"the Negro problem.† This is very demining and that’s why they had to fight. What historians refer to as racial uplift ideology describes a prominent response of black middle-class spokespersons, leaders and activists to the crisis marked by the assault on the political and civil rights of African Americans primarily in the united states’ South from roughly the 1880s to 1914. A generation earlier, the end of slavery and emancipation had fueled African Americans’ optimistic pursuit of education, economic independence and full citizenship, all crucial markers of freedom.                   Advocates of African American political and civil rights fought a lonely and tough struggle with few allies in a national climate of anti-black racism. White southern politicians and elite opinion leaders defended white supremacy and proclaimed the mental, moral and physical depravity and inferiority of blacks from the pulpit, press and university. The consensus was that blacks were unfit for citizenship of the U.S., and that neo- slavery, or the plantation slavery of menial labor and sharecropping, was the natural state of black people and that is where they belong. Guided by southern apologists for lynching, many whites, regardless of education or income, viewed the aspirations of black men and women through the warped lens of crude racial and sexual stereotypes that accused all blacks of immorality and criminality.                   Given the occurrence of such frightening representations of shades of black, Africa America management and community spokespersons, a growing, but portion of the whole Africa America population, were under constant pressure to defend the picture and honor of dark men and ladies. Black management in the North were much freer to engage in governmental demonstration and condemn national oppression in stronger conditions than those management in the southern part of, where governmental outspokenness could outcome in lynching or permanent exile. Obviously, then, dark management differed on strategies for dealing with â€Å"the Negro issue.† So-called â€Å"radicals† endorsed demonstration and frustration against lynching and disfranchisement, challenging complete citizenship rights; traditional management recommended accommodation, self-help, and the desire of property-ownership. The issue of what type to train and learning was best suited for s hades of black was a super rod of argument. Some management, in the southern part of the U.S., preferred commercial knowledge, which highlighted manual training for farming and skilled jobs. Other dark management reinforced college for Africa Individuals, to ensure the development of a management and professional category. With opportunities for knowledge of any type restricted by the white-colored South’s anger, and with the preference of northern white-controlled philanthropy for commercial knowledge, what were basically complementary forms to train and learning became a source of intense issue.                   Despite these governmental variations, dark management generally countered anti-black generalizations by focusing category variations among shades of black, and their essential role as competition management. From their perspective, to â€Å"uplift the race† featuring their function as elites to change the character and manage the behavior of the dark community. Against persistent statements of dark immorality and pathology, knowledgeable shades of black battled a battle over the representation of their people, a strategy with uncertain effects and results. They knew as themselves as a â€Å"better class† of shades of black, and required identification of their respectability, and blessed position as providers of European improvement and society. But in doing so, they brought in a state policies of internal category department (See also panel 53 in Edward Lawrence’s The Migration of the Negro.) that often seemed to internalize popula r thoughts of dark social depravity and backwardness even as they desired to battle racial discrimination. In other words, this method of opposing racial discrimination tacitly echoed popular ideas of category and sex structure. Their view that community improvement for shades of black was preferably calculated in patriarchal conditions of male-headed families and homes created stress between knowledgeable men and ladies. Such objectives of women deference to men authority and management were challenged by many knowledgeable dark females, such as Old – Julia Cooper and the anti-lynching capitalist and reporter, Ida B. Bore holes.                   This version of national uplift philosophy as an anti-racist argument employed by knowledgeable shades of black is best understood as a complicated, varied and sometimes defective reaction to a situation in which the range of governmental options for Africa America management was restricted by the aggressive and persistent racial discrimination of the post-Reconstruction U. S. Declares. By reinforcing their respectability through the moralistic over stated claims of â€Å"uplifting the competition,† and suggesting the ethical guidance of the dark community, Africa America middle-class management and spokespersons were marginalizing the idea of uplift in its more democratic and inclusive sense of combined community progression and requirements for equivalent privileges. Many dark spokespersons desired to resolve this tension between personal and team position by insisting that personal success helped the whole competition. However, many Africa Amer ica men and ladies considered the over stated claims of uplift as a call to community support. They introduced values of self-help and support to the team in building educational, reformist community gospel chapels, social and fraternal organizations, settlement houses, magazines, trade labor unions, and other community institutions whose beneficial community impact surpassed the ideological limitations of uplift.                   In the last decade, movie students have focused an increasing amount of crucial attention on Oscar Micheaux’s 1920 silent movie Within Our Gateways as an essential Africa America reaction to D. W. Griffith’s infamously improper movie, The Beginning of a Country (1915). Oscar Micheaux’s milestone movie offered a rebuttal to Griffith’s interpretation of dark assault and crime with a story of the injustices faced by Africa Individuals in a improper community. While Griffith’s movie symbolizes dark men attacks on white-colored women cleanliness, Micheaux’s movie sets the historical record straight with its interpretation of the attempted sexual attack of a dark woman by a white-colored man. But the national reversals in the plot of the movie are not the only difficulties that Within Our Gateways presents to Griffith’s movie.                   Within Our Gateways also surfaces The Beginning of a Country in the state policies of its appearance, specifically in its very different use of similar modifying. Griffith’s movie uses crosscutting to existing a very simple resistance between white-colored virtue and dark villainy; in contrast, Micheaux’s movie uses a complicated modifying pattern to existing a larger community vision of many different, competing governmental roles within both white-colored and Africa America community. The complicated design of Micheaux’s modifying is efficient in making up a viewer who is more politically crucial than the viewer constructed by the traditional The show biz industry design of Griffith’s movie. Series in Micheaux’s movie crosscut among five or six different locations and twice as many characters; consequently, Micheaux’s movie requirements an engaged and innovative viewer to identify inconsistent and contrary comm unity and governmental statements about the power structure of competition relations in the U. s. Declares.                   The Negro Knight is a 1944 documented created by the U. s. Declares Military during World War II.[1] The movie was created by Honest Capra as a follow up to his successful movie series Why We Fight. The army used this movie as a means of propaganda to persuade Africa Individuals to solicit in the army and battle in the war. A lot of people regarded the movie very highly, some going as far to say that The Negro Knight was â€Å"one of the finest factors that ever happened to America†.[2] Due to both high reviews and great cinematography, The Negro Knight proved to be a large movie that affected army members and citizens of all competitions.                   The Negro Knight affected later Africa America movies and its viewers in different ways. The movie performed a considerable part in changing the types of roles that Africa Individuals received in following movies. For example, instead of showing shades of black only as slaves or sub servants, this movie showed Africa Individuals as lawyers, artists, athletes, and other valued careers. In different movies during this time frame, Africa Individuals were often represented as comical figures. However, after The Negro Knight, Africa Individuals performed more decent and popular roles in movies.                   Furthermore, people came to realize how essential and significant a tool, movies were for telecommuting saves gas. Messages within movies, if indicated the correct way, could influence viewers greatly. The message within The Negro Knight hard the notion and offered visual proof those national equal rights was a validated idea and should be approved. Africa Individuals around the country were very pleased with this movie.                   In both movies, the meaning of uplift was extremely competitive even among those who shared it is designed. Ultimately, top level ideas of the philosophy retreated from more democratic thoughts of uplift as community progression, leaving a heritage that becomes smaller the Americans’ ideas of privileges, citizenship, and community justice. One of the significant limits of national uplift philosophy was that the attempt to restore the picture of dark people through category differences trafficked in statements of national and sex structure. The appeal implied in national uplift philosophy for the identification of dark elites’ capacity for citizenship had overshadowed post-emancipation justifications by shades of black and white wines that posited inalienable privileges as the foundation for dark men citizenship, financial privileges, equivalent protection, and team power.                   The dark top level made uplift the foundation for a racial top level identification declaring Negro improvement through category stratification as competition improvement, which required an associated idea of bourgeois certification for bigger roles in the movie industry, among other factors. Elites basically approved the conditions of the debate, recognizing that some are more deserving than others are. Instead of competition, though, they suggested that it was acculturation and display of western culture and knowledge. References Capra, F., Moss, C., United States., & United States. (1994).  The Negro soldier. Hollywood, CA: Craven Home Video. Hitchcock, A., Macgowan, K., Swerling, J., Steinbeck, J., Bankhead, T., Bendix, W. Slezak, W. Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, Inc. (2005).  Lifeboat. Beverly Hills, Calif: 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Micheaux, O. (1994).  The conquest: The story of a Negro pioneer. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. Micheaux, O., Thomas, P. A., Cram, B., Bowser, P., Taylor, C., Johnson, B., Northern Light Productions. PBS Video. (1994).  Midnight ramble: Oscar Micheaux and the story of race movies. Alexandria, VA: PBS Video. Source document

Gender and Globalization Essay

Globalization and its Impact on Women’s education Worldwide Globalization is defined as the worldwide movement toward financial, economic, and communication integration. Globalization has improved the lives of women worldwide, especially the lives of women living in developing countries. However, women remain disadvantaged in many aspects in life including health, employment, rights, and education. In this essay, I will discuss the impact of globalization on women worldwide, mainly on their participation in education. Although many advantages were gained, there is still worldwide inequality in education. According to the UNESCO, inequality in education is directly connected to poverty (Globalization 101)[1]. Studies have shown that more female children are not attending than male children in poor areas. Sub-Saharan Africa, Western Asia, and Oceana still face challenges reaching gender inequality for primary education. On the other hand, the Caribbean, Eastern Asia, and Latin America have more female students than male students going on to secondary education. In extremely poor or rural areas, females are less likely to have any type of education. In many of the world’s poorest countries located in Sub Saharan Africa, the Arab States, and West Asia the education of females in many is not valued because they are expected to contribute more at home, while males should gain skills to work and support their families. According to the UNESCO, the elimination of inequality in education would help lessen poverty in general. Also, female education has indirect effects for society such as improved fertility rates, improved child health, and improved educational opportunities for everyone in the household. In addition, increased skill levels allow women to participate more in the economy, which will increase the economic prosperity of the family (Globalization 101)[1]. Although globalization has opened markets worldwide, increased profits, and created more jobs for all countries and citizens, this neo-liberal model has increased poverty in many parts of the world and deepened the inequalities within the nations. Globalization has caused the rich to be richer and the poor to be poorer. Globalization mainly affects women because majority of the world’s poor are women (Shortchanging women WEDO)[2]. Also, structural adjustment policies with their elimination of subsidies, attendant price increases, and social services decreases, have increased the vulnerability of women and children where the distribution of the provision of health care and education favor income earning adults or men. Structural adjustment causes women hold responsibility of dealing with increased priced and income decrease. With increased unemployment and decreased wages for men, the responsibility is placed upon the women and children to take part of economic activity in order to support the household. In Peru, One study found that the effects of economic crisis and structural adjustment led to a significant increase in poverty. Structural adjustment policies and other forms of neo-liberalism are a major factor behind the â€Å"feminization of poverty†(Moghadam 1999)[3]. Although globalization offers women great opportunities, women are faced with equal new challenges. Women are still disadvantaged in many areas in their lives such as education. Gender inequality in education is still occurring in many developing countries, and it is directly connected to poverty. It is believed that eliminating gender inequality in education would lessen poverty. Neo-liberalism and structural adjustment are aimed to make economic and financial improvements worldwide, however, they are said to be a major factor behind women’s poverty in many areas in the world. In conclusion, Globalization with all its advantages to women’s education, it shares equal disadvantages and challenges that many women around the world will continue to face everyday. Works Cited: [1] http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/Women/Women2011.pdf [2]http://www.wedo.org/wp-content/uploads/shortchanging-women-factsheet.pdf [3]http://jwsr.ucr.edu/archive/vol5/number2/v5n2_split/jwsr_v5n2_moghadam.pdf